[CentOS-virt] using local media file to install guest
Bob Hoffman
bob at bobhoffman.com
Thu Oct 27 13:03:38 EDT 2011
roeland wrote
------------------------
I have the feeling that we're at slight odds semantically. What do you
actually mean with local/remote? One parsing of your email seems to
suggest that you're set with a keyboard and mouse plugged into your
server, rather than connected via SSH, perhaps clarify with
desktop/local server/remote server?
--------------------
exactly true. I shut off ssh to the server and am solely using the ipmi
card interface.
It is like sitting at the computer with a keyboard, mouse, and monitor
connected.
This allows me to access the server from any computer should a need
arise (the host that is) and
deal with an issue without installing some software on a friends computer.
The virtual guests will all have shells (well, the website ones will).
I am not using a remote server for anything. I am using my home computer
as a test of remote stuff with ssh still enabled,
but it is all local...or trying to be.
If you take a X forward or VNC program...and run it ssh from a remote
computer...and are sitting at the server with
a monitor+KM plugged in, logged in to the same account you will see what
the manuals say is true..
the vnc and x11 forwarding run on the server, export the display
remotely, then 'mostly kill' themselves when done.
This precludes having an iso located on the server, using virt-install,
to load up guests without using virt-manager.
The only other option is to have a remote server (or home server) with
the OS for guests, and have your server access
it via nfs, ftp, or http. At least for fresh installs. Virt-install
cannot use a local iso (meaning on the server). At least
not completely, it needs a remote to make it happen.
rhel6 has listed bugs for certain video cards, onboard ones,
ati-nvidea-intel are listed. not all, but some. I have one.
With these cards some basic things won't work (like the basic x and
gnome stuff the virtual host package installs).
To get any kind of x display with these cards you have to install x
windows system, run the x configure that will make a
x.conf.new file "only for that user", that must be 'somehow' changed for
device, mtrr, etc..and add nomodeset to the
kernel, etc....just to get a partial ability to use some x...but it
still crashes out of it a lot.
The only way I could get any gui with the video card I have is to
install a minnimal desktop on top of the x windows i had to install.
Red hat is saying that by 6.2 they hope to have fixes for these, but for
centos that could mean a year or more before I see them.
Since I had to put more of a full X system and a minimal desktop just to
have the ability to remotely display the gui's then I might
as well use them locally.
You just 'startx', it runs a small gnome, use virt-manager, get it done,
ctrl-alt-backspace out of it.
In all my testing trying remote vnc and x11 with the host, as per the
manuals, they only export the display on the host for that user.
If the X11 or VNC display crashes out/unable to display on the host, it
cannot be transferred out to the remote client.
You can see this is true by simply logging into your server locally,
sitting right at it...and then log in remotely with same user and do
your remote stuff. You will see how the host actually does run it all
and then 'copies/exports' the display.
I wanted to stay pure command line, but without the ability to locally
use an iso it demands virt-manager anyway. For my server
video card, that means I need x and a small desktop temporarily. Once
the systems are set up I will probably just remove
both x and desktop anyway.
Virt-install, when trying to use a local iso file, will look for
boot.iso and not find it. You cannot make a bootable mounted iso on your
harddrive.
You would need to use virt-manager (which must do some kind of temporary
bootstrap/virtual nfs) or use the local iso
with a remote system called to (nfs, ftp, http) like your would with
netinstall.
The ipmi card affords me the opportunity to do this as if I was sitting
at the server. I prefer this method as I can disable ssh port completely
for the host, leaving all incoming ports for the host closed. Leaves
just the ipmi card as the fail point, something that
would be there anyway.
Once one minimal install is done, you can use virsh and the other tools
to simply clone it and play with the networks
and no longer need to install anything.
My biggest problem was why the install with virt-install was hanging.
Only after reading online and books for a number of weeks did
I find a small bit of info on virt-install that specifically states it
cannot use a local iso for an install without also going remotely
to another server.....
That caused all installs to hang after they started. It caused vnc's and
x11's to fail too since it never booted..it just hung.
It hangs at connected/use ctrl+] to escape. It presented no error, just
hung. I was surprised at this, but once found I learned
that virt-manager was the only way to use a local file for full install,
loaded x and a little desktop and voila.
Wasn't fun.
Another fun thing I learned, after crashed reboots, is LVM pools that I
made in anaconda will work for a guest, but will crash system
upon reboot due to them being 'mounted'. This is not quite written out
in the manuals. Learned that the hard way.
There are hundreds of forums with people complaining about superblock
issues with their lvms and guests...now I know why.
learning experience for sure, big hump.
Using startx to start desktop and ctrl-alt-backspace to get out of it
seems to be good. It loads its own programs and on exit kills them
all. So except for the install, none of the x or desktop stuff is
running at all. Ugly, but it works, purely locally with no remote needs.
on to the next hump...bridging and bonding.
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