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block level changes at the file system level?
by Lists 07 Jul '14

07 Jul '14

I'm trying to streamline a backup system using ZFS. In our situation, we're writing pg_dump files repeatedly, each file being highly similar to the previous file. Is there a file system (EG: ext4? xfs?) that, when re-writing a similar file, will write only the changed blocks and not rewrite the entire file to a new set of blocks? Assume that we're writing a 500 MB file with only 100 KB of changes. Other than a utility like diff, is there a file system that would only write 100KB and not 500 MB of data? In concept, this would work similarly to using the 'diff' utility... -Ben

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Re: [CentOS] [CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS-7 on x86_64
by Max Pyziur 07 Jul '14

07 Jul '14

On Mon, 7 Jul 2014, Reindl Harald wrote: > > > Am 07.07.2014 22:19, schrieb Max Pyziur: >> On Mon, 7 Jul 2014, Always Learning wrote: >>> >>> Thanking everyone most sincerely for giving us C 7.0. >>> >>> >>> London, West (near LHR) Dojo ? >>> >> >>> From what release of Fedora is CentOS7 derived. >> >> As I understand, >> C5 == FC6, >> C6 == FC14, >> C7 == FC? > > 19/20 > > systemd-208-11.el7.x86_64 > systemd-208-19.fc20.x86_64 > > php-5.4.16-21.el7.x86_64 = Fedora 18 because 19/20 are on 5.5 Thank you for your reply. This is appealing for my desktops, since I'm still on FC18 (I got burned out with 1 1/2 year FC EOL cycle). I'd just soon install a system knowing that it's going to be around for the next 6 years, and all I have to do is run yum update. MP pyz(a)brama.com

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Re: [CentOS] [CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS-7 on x86_64
by Always Learning 07 Jul '14

07 Jul '14

Thanking everyone most sincerely for giving us C 7.0. London, West (near LHR) Dojo ? -- Regards, Paul. England, EU. Centos, Exim, Apache, Libre Office. Linux is the future. Micro$oft is the past.

11 17

enable caching in apache
by Tim Dunphy 07 Jul '14

07 Jul '14

hey all, I am serving up a couple of sites using apache with varnish sitting in front of it. When I check the headers for the site, this is what I'm seeing: [root@ops:~] #curl -I http://ref.mydomain.com/ HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: Apache/2.2.15 (CentOS) X-Powered-By: PHP/5.6.0-dev Set-Cookie: PHPSESSID=rqetkvi6l54819fffdivkppo90; path=/ Expires: Thu, 19 Nov 1981 08:52:00 GMT Cache-Control: *no-store, no-cache,* must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0 Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 Content-Length: 55548 Accept-Ranges: bytes Date: Mon, 07 Jul 2014 20:46:32 GMT X-Varnish: 594446632 Age: 0 Via: 1.1 varnish Connection: close I've tried setting these cache related directives but so far had no luck in getting the site to be cache enabled: #48 Hours <FilesMatch "\.(ico|pdf|flv|jpg|jpeg|png|gif|js|css|swf)$"> Header set Cache-Control "max-age=172800, public, must-revalidate" </FilesMatch> # 2 HOURS <FilesMatch "\.(html|htm)$"> Header set Cache-Control "max-age=604800, public" </FilesMatch> Header unset Pragma How can I set the cache directive settings in apache that would allow this site to be cached? Thanks Tim -- GPG me!! gpg --keyserver pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys F186197B

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Re: [CentOS] [CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS-7 on x86_64
by Jeremy Hoel 07 Jul '14

07 Jul '14

You're right.. RHEL includes things that get pushed and tested in Fedora, but I guess I looked at the question a different way. That's all. On Mon, Jul 7, 2014 at 8:35 PM, Reindl Harald <h.reindl(a)thelounge.net> wrote: > > > Am 07.07.2014 22:28, schrieb Jeremy Hoel: > > It's derived from Redhat 7,.. CentOS is always derived from Redhat > > Enterprise Linux. Fedora is normally a preview of the next upcoming RHEL > > release. > > so what - that don't change the fact that RHEL7 is based on F18/F19/f20 > > systemd-208-11.el7.x86_64 > systemd-204-18.fc19.x86_64 > systemd-208-19.fc20.x86_64 > > php-5.4.16-21.el7.x86_64 = Fedora 18 because 19/20 are on 5.5 > the switch to MariaDB is clearly F19 and so on > > > On Mon, Jul 7, 2014 at 8:19 PM, Max Pyziur <pyz(a)brama.com> wrote: > > > >> On Mon, 7 Jul 2014, Always Learning wrote: > >> > >>> > >>> Thanking everyone most sincerely for giving us C 7.0. > >>> > >>> > >>> London, West (near LHR) Dojo ? > >>> > >> > >> > >> >From what release of Fedora is CentOS7 derived. > >> > >> As I understand, > >> C5 == FC6, > >> C6 == FC14, > >> C7 == FC? > >

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corruption of in-memory data detected (xfs)
by Alexandru Cardaniuc 07 Jul '14

07 Jul '14

Hi All, I am having an issue with an XFS filesystem shutting down under high load with very many small files. Basically, I have around 3.5 - 4 million files on this filesystem. New files are being written to the FS all the time, until I get to 9-11 mln small files (35k on average). at some point I get the following in dmesg: [2870477.695512] Filesystem "sda5": XFS internal error xfs_trans_cancel at line 1138 of file fs/xfs/xfs_trans.c. Caller 0xffffffff8826bb7d [2870477.695558] [2870477.695559] Call Trace: [2870477.695611] [<ffffffff88262c28>] :xfs:xfs_trans_cancel+0x5b/0xfe [2870477.695643] [<ffffffff8826bb7d>] :xfs:xfs_mkdir+0x57c/0x5d7 [2870477.695673] [<ffffffff8822f3f8>] :xfs:xfs_attr_get+0xbf/0xd2 [2870477.695707] [<ffffffff88273326>] :xfs:xfs_vn_mknod+0x1e1/0x3bb [2870477.695726] [<ffffffff80264929>] _spin_lock_irqsave+0x9/0x14 [2870477.695736] [<ffffffff802230e6>] __up_read+0x19/0x7f [2870477.695764] [<ffffffff8824f8f4>] :xfs:xfs_iunlock+0x57/0x79 [2870477.695776] [<ffffffff80264929>] _spin_lock_irqsave+0x9/0x14 [2870477.695784] [<ffffffff802230e6>] __up_read+0x19/0x7f [2870477.695791] [<ffffffff80209f4c>] __d_lookup+0xb0/0xff [2870477.695803] [<ffffffff8020cd4a>] _atomic_dec_and_lock+0x39/0x57 [2870477.695814] [<ffffffff8022d6db>] mntput_no_expire+0x19/0x89 [2870477.695829] [<ffffffff80264929>] _spin_lock_irqsave+0x9/0x14 [2870477.695837] [<ffffffff802230e6>] __up_read+0x19/0x7f [2870477.695861] [<ffffffff8824f8f4>] :xfs:xfs_iunlock+0x57/0x79 [2870477.695887] [<ffffffff882680af>] :xfs:xfs_access+0x3d/0x46 [2870477.695899] [<ffffffff80264929>] _spin_lock_irqsave+0x9/0x14 [2870477.695923] [<ffffffff802df4a3>] vfs_mkdir+0xe3/0x152 [2870477.695933] [<ffffffff802dfa79>] sys_mkdirat+0xa3/0xe4 [2870477.695953] [<ffffffff80260295>] tracesys+0x47/0xb6 [2870477.695963] [<ffffffff802602f9>] tracesys+0xab/0xb6 [2870477.695977] [2870477.695985] xfs_force_shutdown(sda5,0x8) called from line 1139 of file fs/xfs/xfs_trans.c. Return address = 0xffffffff88262c46 [2870477.696452] Filesystem "sda5": Corruption of in-memory data detected. Shutting down filesystem: sda5 [2870477.696464] Please umount the filesystem, and rectify the problem(s) # ls -l /store ls: /store: Input/output error ?--------- 0 root root 0 Jan 1 1970 /store Filesystems is ~1T in size # df -hT /store Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda5 xfs 910G 142G 769G 16% /store Using CentOS 5.9 with kernel 2.6.18-348.el5xen The filesystem is in a virtual machine (Xen) and on top of LVM. Filesystem was created using mkfs.xfs defaults with xfsprogs-2.9.4-1.el5.centos (that's the one that comes with CentOS 5.x by default.) These are the defaults with which the filesystem was created: # xfs_info /store meta-data=/dev/sda5 isize=256 agcount=32, agsize=7454720 blks = sectsz=512 attr=0 data = bsize=4096 blocks=238551040, imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blks, unwritten=1 naming =version 2 bsize=4096 log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=32768, version=1 = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=0 realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0 The problem is reproducible and I don't think it's hardware related. The problem was reproduced on multiple servers of the same type. So, I doubt it's a memory issue or something like that. Is that a known issue? If it is then what's the fix? I went through the kernel updates for CentOS 5.10 (newer kernel), but didn't see any xfs related fixes since CentOS 5.9 Any help will be greatly appreciated... -- "If we really understand the problem, the answer will come out of it, because the answer is not separate from the problem." - Krishnamurti

8 18

cannot hibernate, not enough swap
by Michael Hennebry 07 Jul '14

07 Jul '14

The last couple time I tried to hibernate, I got an error message: > PM: Not enough free swap I find that hard to believe: [hennebry@localhost doc]$ free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3833 1124 2709 0 51 286 -/+ buffers/cache: 786 3047 Swap: 11453 356 11097 [hennebry@localhost doc]$ 1124+786+356=2266< 11097 How do I figure out what is going on and fix it? -- Michael hennebry(a)web.cs.ndsu.NoDak.edu "SCSI is NOT magic. There are *fundamental technical reasons* why it is necessary to sacrifice a young goat to your SCSI chain now and then." -- John Woods

3 3

CentOS-6.5 LiveDVD problem
by James B. Byrne 07 Jul '14

07 Jul '14

I downloaded the Live DVD for CentOS-6.5 and burned a DVD-R using a CentOS-6.5 desktop. To test the validity of the new DVD I then rebooted the same desktop using the same Live DVD. No matter which Live DVD boot option I choose I see this after the splash screen completes the Circle (sounds like a good title for a novel). <--- Kernel panic - Not syncing - Attempting to kill init! Pid: 1, comm: init Not tainted 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 # 1 call trace [<ffffffff815271fa>] ? Panic+0xa7/0x16f [<ffffffff81077622>] ? do_exit+0x862/0x870 [<ffffffff8118a865>] ? fput+0x25/0x30 [<ffffffff81077688>] ? do_group_exit+0x58/0xd0 [<ffffffff81077717>] ? sys_exit_group+0x17/0x020 [<ffffffff81006072>] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x16 dkm_kms_helper panic occurred, switching back to text console ---> The very last line appears for each boot choice saving only the text mode boot. In that case the line is absent but the rest of the output remains unchanged. An extract of the system specifications rendered by lshw: <--- description: Desktop Computer width: 64 bits capabilities: smbios-2.4 dmi-2.4 vsyscall64 vsyscall32 configuration: boot=normal chassis=desktop uuid=B4CDC46C-7E7A-11DE-87DF-0011D8A408ED *-core description: Motherboard product: DG43GT vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 0 version: AAE62768-300 serial: BTGT931003W4 slot: To be filled by O.E.M. *-firmware description: BIOS vendor: Intel Corp. physical id: 0 version: GTG4310H.86A.0019.2009.0625.1334 (06/25/2009) size: 64KiB capacity: 960KiB capabilities: pci upgrade shadowing escd cdboot bootselect socketedrom edd int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer int10video acpi usb ls120boot zipboot biosbootspecification *-cpu description: CPU product: Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Quad CPU Q8400 @ 2.66GHz vendor: Intel Corp. physical id: 4 bus info: cpu@0 version: Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Quad CPU Q8400 @ 2.66GHz serial: To Be Filled By O.E.M. slot: PROCESSOR size: 2666MHz capacity: 4GHz width: 64 bits clock: 333MHz capabilities: fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx x86-64 constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm sse4_1 xsave lahf_lm tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority *-cache:0 description: L1 cache physical id: 5 slot: L1-Cache size: 32KiB capacity: 32KiB capabilities: internal write-back data *-cache:1 description: L2 cache physical id: 6 slot: L2-Cache size: 2MiB capacity: 2MiB capabilities: internal varies unified *-memory description: System Memory physical id: 2b slot: System board or motherboard size: 16GiB *-bank:0 description: DIMM DDR2 Synchronous 800 MHz (1.2 ns) product: PartNum0 vendor: Manufacturer0 physical id: 0 serial: SerNum0 slot: CHANNEL_A size: 4GiB width: 64 bits clock: 800MHz (1.2ns) *-bank:1 ---> Help??? -- *** E-Mail is NOT a SECURE channel *** James B. Byrne mailto:ByrneJB@Harte-Lyne.ca Harte & Lyne Limited http://www.harte-lyne.ca 9 Brockley Drive vox: +1 905 561 1241 Hamilton, Ontario fax: +1 905 561 0757 Canada L8E 3C3

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Re: [CentOS] CentOS-6.5 LiveDVD problem
by James B. Byrne 07 Jul '14

07 Jul '14

On Fri, July 4, 2014 17:15, Ljubomir Ljubojevic wrote: > On 07/04/2014 07:43 PM, James B. Byrne wrote: >> I downloaded the Live DVD for CentOS-6.5 and burned a DVD-R using a >> CentOS-6.5 >> desktop. To test the validity of the new DVD I then rebooted the same >> desktop >> using the same Live DVD. No matter which Live DVD boot option I choose I >> see >> this after the splash screen completes the Circle (sounds like a good title >> for a novel). > > Validity of ISO file is tested with md5sum program. Have you done that? > Yes. # cat md5sum65.txt 83221db52687c7b857e65bfe60787838 CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso 91018b86ca338360bc1212f06ea1719f CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD2.iso 8c37390fa5d932d03feb05fba13fe92e CentOS-6.5-x86_64-LiveCD.iso 7b571e13ce6c3f61dc176bd34f8d60bb CentOS-6.5-x86_64-LiveDVD.iso 0d9dc37b5dd4befa1c440d2174e88a87 CentOS-6.5-x86_64-minimal.iso 939fd1d87c11ffe7795324438b85adfb CentOS-6.5-x86_64-netinstall.iso # md5sum -c md5sum65.txt CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso: OK CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD2.iso: OK CentOS-6.5-x86_64-LiveCD.iso: OK CentOS-6.5-x86_64-LiveDVD.iso: OK CentOS-6.5-x86_64-minimal.iso: OK CentOS-6.5-x86_64-netinstall.iso: OK -- *** E-Mail is NOT a SECURE channel *** James B. Byrne mailto:ByrneJB@Harte-Lyne.ca Harte & Lyne Limited http://www.harte-lyne.ca 9 Brockley Drive vox: +1 905 561 1241 Hamilton, Ontario fax: +1 905 561 0757 Canada L8E 3C3

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Re: [CentOS] block level changes at the file system level?
by Ljubomir Ljubojevic 07 Jul '14

07 Jul '14

On 07/07/2014 02:56 PM, Reindl Harald wrote: > > > Am 07.07.2014 14:53, schrieb Ljubomir Ljubojevic: >> Also, check needs to be made if xz supports multitrheading like pk7zip > > enter "xz --help" would have answered this > > --threads=NUM > use at most NUM threads; the default is 1; > set to 0 to use the number of processor cores > > Usage: xz [OPTION]... [FILE]... > Compress or decompress FILEs in the .xz format. > > -z, --compress force compression > -d, --decompress, --uncompress > force decompression > -t, --test test compressed file integrity > -l, --list list information about .xz files > -k, --keep keep (don't delete) input files > -f, --force force overwrite of output file and (de)compress links > -c, --stdout, --to-stdout > write to standard output and don't delete input files > -0 ... -9 compression preset; default is 6; take compressor *and* > decompressor memory usage into account before using 7-9! > -e, --extreme try to improve compression ratio by using more CPU time; > does not affect decompressor memory requirements > -T, --threads=NUM use at most NUM threads; the default is 1; set to 0 > to use the number of processor cores > -q, --quiet suppress warnings; specify twice to suppress errors too > -v, --verbose be verbose; specify twice for even more verbose > -h, --help display this short help and exit > -H, --long-help display the long help (lists also the advanced options) > -V, --version display the version number and exit > Ok, I spent several minutes on this. xz --long-help and man xz are much more informative. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xz: "Design xz compresses single files as input, and does not bundle multiple files into a single archive. It is therefore common to compress a file that is itself an archive, such as those created by the tar or cpio Unix programs.[2]" "xz is a lossless data compression program and file format which incorporates the LZMA compression algorithm. xz can be thought of as a stripped down version of the 7-Zip program. xz has its own file format rather than the .7z format used by 7-Zip (which lacks support for Unix-like file system metadata[2])." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7-Zip: "By default, 7-Zip creates 7z format archives with a .7z file extension. Each archive can contain multiple directories and files. As a container format, security or size reduction are achieved using a stacked combination of filters. These can consist of pre-processors, compression algorithms, and encryption filters." So either tar.xz or 7z container, and looks like LZM2 is only option, with several switches for xz for block reduction. And, no, --help does not actually help with assessing if xz is viable replacement for some particular purpose, testing is needed. P.S. You should REALLY fix your mail client, to sent replies to centos(a)centos.org so that conversations is seen by others (it looks like you reply 99% to the person instead back to the list). -- Ljubomir Ljubojevic (Love is in the Air) PL Computers Serbia, Europe StarOS, Mikrotik and CentOS/RHEL/Linux consultant

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