Brian T. Brunner wrote: > My mailer has no quoted-text-prefix capability. > ***embedded replies*** Understood. >>>>mike.mccarty at sbcglobal.net 09/20/05 11:16AM >>> > > Brian T. Brunner wrote: > >>My desire is NOT to remain rooted in the past. Hence >>my interest in changing my code to meet the compiler of today. > > > You should not use what some compiler accepts as your > guide for writing code. You should use the Language Definition. > > ***pedantic*** I have to get the compiler to compile the code, the language definition won't do that. > ***pragmatic*** I'm here to drain the swamp, not analyze the alligators. > ***overall** How did the compilers change in what they tolerate. Certainly. I didn't mean something silly like "Well, the compiler is broken today. I guess I'll go home and watch TV." If the compiler is broken, then it will soon be fixed. When it is, it will conform to the Standard. You don't want to have to continually modify your code. Write to the Standard. If the compiler breaks, then change as little as possible in ways which are as close to Standard as possible. > See below. > > >>If I'm killing the 3.x compiler with code that 2.96 accepted, >>it ought to be from well-known (by now) reasons like >> > > > Also, the C Language did not recently change. > > ***the compiler is the cop, the language definition is the law*** Cops which break the law go to jail just like everyone else. Eventually, the cops enforce the law as written. > >>Known problem and solution: (amended to clarify my mumbling, for which I apologize) No problem. >>We have typedef char MsgIdT >>We use a message that is a union comprising a >>MsgIdT MsgId; >>and the >>117 message structures, (each of which has a MsgIdT MsgId as the first element); >>we had a null message number macro #define MSG_NULL ((MsgIdT)0) >>under 2.96 we could allocate a message union, and initialize it with >>union msgstructT msg = {MSG_NULL}; // the 3.x compiler barfs on this but 2.96 didn't care >>so now we say >>union msgstructT msg = {0}; // the 3.x compiler is happy with this. So is 2.96 Ok, the Standard states that when a union is initialized, the first element of the union is what gets inited. So what you had looks like it should have worked. But the compiler seems to have an internal problem. If "{0}" works, then "{((MsgIdT)0)}" should also work. I'd suggest creating a minimal file which reproduces the problem and filing an error report. In the meantime, I'd change the source to look like this: /* A defect in GCC 3.x causes initialization of ** unions with the define below not to work. ** ** Defining this turns on a workaround. It should ** be removed as soon as GCC is repaired. **/ #define COMPILER_ERROR_1 /* Workaround for GCC 3.x compiler defect */ #ifdef COMPILER_ERROR_1 # define MSG_NULL (0) #else # define MSG_NULL ((MsgIdT)0) #endif in whatever header you have it defined. I hesitate to suggest that you add more to your command line, as it seems to be overburdened already. Normally, I'd put it there. But in this case, perhaps putting it directly into the source with more commentary might be better. >> >>Why the compiler decided we can't initialize an auto union with a >>type-cast scalar when we used to do so with no problem >>*should* have been recorded somewhere, if so, that document >>*should* give me other clues about what's making the 3.x compiler >>barf on this 2.96-happy code. You may be the first one to notice it. I've been using gcc version 3.3.3 20040412 (Red Hat Linux 3.3.3-7) for months without a problem. > Your guide to writing proper code should not be what a > compiler accepts, but what the language definition specifies. > > ***the compiler creates the marketable product, that's what I have to please.*** > ***As a theorist, the C and C++ language definitions (law) are fascinating*** > ***As an engineer porting 2.96 code to a 3.4 compiler, the (get this)*** > ***LANGUAGE DEFINITION IS UTTERLY IRRELEVANT*** It is not, as the compiler will eventually conform to the language specification. If you track the specification, you will also track the compiler you are eventually going to use. In the meantime, of course, one has to find a way to get work done. > ***I've met plenty of cops to whom the law is irrelevant, we do things his way or there's trouble.*** > ***the compiler is my cop. He's the one I have to please.*** > > gcc --ansi --pedantic -Wall > > to get maximum conformance and portability of my code. > > ***this is what I inherited: > ***COMPILER_OPTIONS = -D_GCC_ -g -g3 -pipe -march=i586 -fstack-check -fcse-follow-jumps -fexpensive-optimizations -fcse-skip-blocks -fforce-mem -frerun-cse-after-loop -fschedule-insns -fschedule-insns2 -fshort-enums -fstrength-reduce -fthread-jumps -fverbose-asm -O2 -Wall -Waggregate-return -Wcast-align -Wcast-qual -Wconversion -Winline -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wwrite-strings > *** probably more than I need, I might take a (sub) project of stripping this list down to just those needed to get in-spec performance of the object code. > ** neither ansi nor pedantic are currently in the list of options. That's about the second longest command line I've seen :-) I find the "-D_GCC_" to be highly suspicious for these reasons (at least) (1) The identifier "_GCC_" is reserved, and it's use is illegal in this context. (2) I have the uneasy feeling that some special hacks may be in there that are highly unportable. (3) Better ways of doing whatever is going on in there may be available. > > should be reported as a defect. > > ***My mission is to get the code running under the new compiler. The code pleased the 2.96 compiler. Things worked! > ***Now, the new compiler is really displeased with my code. > ***I'd like to know what the differences are in the two compiler versions relative to what (possibly) non-conforming code is no longer tolerated. Well, the code you put here looks ok to me. I just tried compiling this, and got no errors... typedef char MyChar_t; #define NULL_MSG ((MyChar_t)0) typedef struct { MyChar_t MyChar; int MyInt; } Si_t; typedef struct { MyChar_t MyChar; unsigned int MyUint; } Su_t; typedef union { MyChar_t MyChar; Si_t MySi; Su_t MySu; } Message_t; Message_t MyMessage = { NULL_MSG }; I wouldn't duplicate the message id like that, and I prefer to use enumerated types, but I don't see why it would complain about what you are doing unless it has an internal error. The message you reported sounds like an internal error. If you really just want to know what the internal error is, then you do need to talk to someone who works with gcc. It's been several years since I did so. (Worked on creating a port to the Z8000 many years ago.) If you just want to get going with something that will work around, and not munge up your source too much, then I suggest something like the above code with suitable comments. Mike -- p="p=%c%s%c;main(){printf(p,34,p,34);}";main(){printf(p,34,p,34);} This message made from 100% recycled bits. You have found the bank of Larn. I can explain it for you, but I can't understand it for you. I speak only for myself, and I am unanimous in that!