[CentOS] Re: DNS Server

Mon Jun 26 11:51:59 UTC 2006
Paul <unix at bikesn4x4s.com>

On Mon, June 26, 2006 7:47 am, Johnny Hughes wrote:
> On Mon, 2006-06-26 at 07:38 -0400, Thomas E Dukes wrote:
>>
>> > -----Original Message-----
>> > From: centos-bounces at centos.org
>> > [mailto:centos-bounces at centos.org] On Behalf Of Johnny Hughes
>> > Sent: Monday, June 26, 2006 7:19 AM
>> > To: CentOS ML
>> > Subject: RE: [CentOS] Re: DNS Server
>> >
>> > On Sun, 2006-06-25 at 20:32 -0400, Thomas E Dukes wrote:
>> > <snip>
>> >
>> > >
>> > > So even if a service such as zoneedit, say they can do
>> > reverse DNS, it
>> > > won't work?
>> > >
>> > > I really don't understand how it can work in one direction
>> > and not the
>> > > reverse.  If they can keep up with my IP address and match it to my
>> > > domainanme, seems they could do the reverse.
>> > >
>> >
>> > OK ... rather than you staying confused on this issue, I will
>> > try to explain it in basic terms.
>> >
>> > DNS converts names to IPs (forward lookups) and IPs to names
>> > (reverse lookups).
>> >
>> > A forward lookup is when you have a name (www.abcxyz.com) and
>> > need a number.  This this case, there is a domain owner and
>> > that domain has it's own DNS Zone.  The owner of that Zone
>> > can put whatever IP addresses
>> > (numbers) with names that they want in that zone.
>> >
>> > In the case of a forward lookup, there is no predefined zone
>> > at all ...
>> > you can have as many names as you want, and since people pay
>> > for it (the name), it stands to reason that will keep it
>> > updated properly.
>> >
>> > A reverse lookup is different.  The standard for reverse
>> > lookups break them down in "Class C" blocks (that is, the
>> > first 3 groups of numbers are the network number, the last
>> > group is the host number).  If you have an ip address of:
>> >
>> > 192.87.99.234
>> >
>> > The network number is 192.87.99.0, the subnet mask is
>> > 255.255.255.0, the host number is 234, and the reverse lookup
>> > domain is:
>> >
>> > 99.87.192.in-addr.arpa
>> >
>> > All 254 host addresses in that zone are normally assigned
>> > from the owner of that zone from one machine.  If someone
>> > buys the whole class C network, they get to control the zone,
>> > otherwise it is normally controlled by the ISP that owns all the IPs.
>> >
>> > It is possible, but not usually done, to break up the reverse
>> > into smaller ranges.
>> >
>> > Tom Diehl has already mentioned RFC 2317:
>> >
>> > http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2317.html
>> >
>> > Using the techniques there, an ISP _CAN_ transfer control of
>> > some reverse lookup domains.  They will normally not do it
>> > unless you have a fairly large network, however.
>> >
>> > I hope this helps you understand that forward zones are
>> > designed to easily break them down into 1 or 2 names ... but
>> > reverse zones are predefined and not designed for less than 1
>> > class C network blocks.
>>
>> Hello Johnny,
>>
>> I guess that makes sense.  It seems it would create too much work for
>> the
>> ISP to handle the reverse lookup for a single IP.  If they dole them out
>> that way, they should either do it or delegate them.
>>
>> All this is to operate a mail server without bounces.  Is this why it
>> recommedned to use your ISP's mail server as smarthost?  Does this mean
>> I
>> would be using the ISP's mail server for outgoing mail?  Or is it just
>> 'stamped' with the ISP's name to prevent bounces?
>>
>> Thanks,
>>
>> Eddie
>
> Most ISPs block outbound port 25 traffic now ... only allowing mail
> server operation (or even normal sending of e-mail via a client) to be
> done out of their mail servers.
>
> I had, for many years, run a mail server on my linux box at home.
> Spammers (and viruses) have ruined that option for us. I now have a
> domain that I use for e-mail at a hosting provider, as too many servers
> now block dynamic ranges and cable/dsl ranges to combat spam.
>
> I have since just setup an NX desktop and use that to get to my mail at
> my home desktop when I am not there ... which seems to work OK.

There are a select few ISP's still home-server friendly, one being
Speakeasy.net.