> Kwan Lowe wrote: > > > Kurt Newman wrote: > > > Amazon (or perhaps Amazon's configuration of Xen) forces a machine to > > > come up at run level 4, regardless of what's in /etc/inittab. > > > > > > I've looked through /etc/rc.sysinit and /etc/rc.d/rc, to determine which > > > (if any script) looks at /proc/cmdline and forces a particular run > > > level, but to no avail. > > > > > > It seems that /sbin/init does the forcing. Can anyone confirm that > > > /sbin/init reads /proc/cmdline to overwrite /etc/inittab? I can't seem > > > to find any reference in man pages or searching the web. > > > > > You *can* override the initdefault in inittab via the kernel option, > but if you're not seeing it in /proc/cmdline it's likely some other rc > script. I saw some references to this being controlled via xen: > > ... > > So it may be being passed through xen which might not show up in > proc/cmdline (can't test right now). Perhaps I mis-stated what I was asking. I'm well aware that Amazon (aka Xen) is passing run level 4 to the kernel because the number '4' is in /proc/cmdline. I can't change that since I cannot configure Xen or even ask Amazon to. What I'm trying to figure out is at what point in the booting process is something looking at /proc/cmdline INSTEAD of /etc/inittab for the default run level. Is it /sbin/init? I can't seem to find any reference of that in any man pages. Essentially, I'm trying to short-circuit this boot process to execute a run level of my choosing, and not be forced to use 4. I've already looked at modifying /etc/rc.d/rc (since it's the one that uses /sbin/runlevel to execute various /etc/rcX.d scripts. I was hoping to have a more elegant way so that I don't have to maintain CentOS-specific bootstrap code.